Vertical systems transfer the load of horizontal systems from roof to foundation, carrying gravity and/or lateral load. Although they may resist gravity or lateral load only, most resist both, gravity load in compression, lateral load in shear. Walls are usually designed to define spaces and provide support, an appropriate solution for apartment and hotel buildings. The four systems are:
1 Shear walls (apartments / hotels)
2 Cantilever (Johnson Wax tower by F L Wright)
3 Moment frame
4 Braced frame
A Concrete moment resistant joint Column re-bars penetrate beam and beam re-bars penetrate column) B Steel moment resistant joint (stiffener plates between column flanges resist beam flange stress)
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