Driven and Cast-in-situ Piles.

This type has the advantages and disadvantages of both the driven and the cast-in-situ piles. The procedure of installing a driven and cast-in-situ pile is as follows:

A steel shell is driven into the ground with the aid of a mandrel inserted into the shell. The mandrel is withdrawn and concrete is placed in the shell. The shell is made of corrugated and reinforced thin sheet steel (mono-tube piles) or pipes (Armco welded pipes or common seamless pipes). The piles of this type are called a shell type. The shell-less type is formed by withdrawing the shell while the concrete is being placed.

In both the types of piles the bottom of the shell is closed with a conical tip which can be separated from the shell. By driving the concrete out of the shell an enlarged bulb may be formed in both the types of piles.

Franki piles are of this type. The common types of driven and cast-in-situ piles are given in Fig. 15.1. In some cases the shell will be left in place and the tube is concreted. This type of pile is very much used in piling over water.

Figure 15.1 Types of cast-in-situ and driven cast-in-situ concrete piles